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Roraima Mountain (left) and outcrop of Roraima Supergroup rocks (right).

A Look at Diamonds and Diamond Mining in Guyana

Roy Bassoo and Kenneth Befus, August 23, 2022

Reports on diamonds from Guyana’s alluvial deposits, including mining history and practices.

Namak Mandi: A Pioneering Gemstone Market in Pakistan

Habib Ur Rehman, Bilal, Syed Owais, Obaid Ur Rahman, and Andy H. Shen, September 3, 2021

Documents Namak Mandi’s transformation from a salt market to one of Pakistan’s primary gem trading centers, with a look at the commercial activities taking place today.

Infrared Spectroscopy in Gem Identification

Emmanuel Fritsch and Carol M. Stockton, March 1, 1987

The authors describe the new Nicolet 60SX Fourier transform infrared spectrometer recently acquired by GIA's Research Department.

Portable Instruments and Tips on Practical Gemology in the Field

Edward W. Boehm, March 1, 2002

Buying gems or jewelry can be challenging even when one has access to a fully equipped lab.

Provenance Discrimination of Freshwater Pearls by LA-ICP-MS and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA)

Artitaya Homkrajae, Ziyin Sun, Troy Blodgett, and Chunhui Zhou, May 15, 2019

Investigates trace-element chemistry of freshwater natural pearls from North America and China with LA-ICP-MS and uses LDA to identify their origins.

White nephrite Buddhist carving featuring openwork papercut-style and a carved lotus.

The Evolution of Chinese Jade Carving Craftsmanship

Mingying Wang and Guanghai Shi, July 22, 2020

Explores the art form of jade carving in China across five periods from the late Neolithic Age to the present day.

Optimizing Face-Up Appearance in Colored Gemstone Faceting

Al Gilbertson, July 24, 2013

How contrast patterns can increase perceived brightness and optimize a gemstone's appearance.

Real-Time Microradiography of Pearls: A Comparison Between Detectors

Stefanos Karampelas, Abeer Tawfeeq Al-Alawi, and Ali Al-Attawi, January 26, 2018

Compares the image quality provided by real-time microradiographic imaging (RTX) units fitted with two different detectors: an image intensifier (II) and a flat panel detector (FPD).

Figure 1. One of GIA’s new LA-ICP-MS corundum calibration standards sets (set number 1); the epoxy disk containing the set is 1.5 inches in diameter. NIST SRM 610 and 612 glass standards are included to account for trace and non-trace elements, such as those found in inclusions, that were not incorporated into the synthetic sapphire crystals grown for standards. Photo by Jennifer Stone-Sundberg.

Accurate Reporting of Key Trace Elements in Ruby and Sapphire Using Matrix-Matched Standards

Jennifer Stone-Sundberg, Timothy Thomas, Ziyin Sun, Yunbin Guan, Zachary Cole, Randy Equall, and John L. Emmett, January 26, 2018

Presents a group of corundum standards developed by GIA to improve the accuracy and efficiency of its laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) instruments.

A large group of people outside on GIA’s Carlsbad, California campus.

Article

Guardians of Trust: GIA’s Innovative Research, Instruments and Services

Russell Shor, September 20, 2019

GIA’s services and instruments have grown in importance and impact as new gem treatments and laboratory-grown gems enter the market.

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